Can radiographers be trained to deliver an intervention to raise breast cancer awareness, and thereby promote early presentation of breast cancer, in older women?

References 

1. Berrino F, De Angelis R, Sant M, Rosso S, Lasota MB, Coebergh JW, et al. Survival for eight major cancers and all cancers combined for European adults diagnosed in 1995–99: results of the EUROCARE-4 study. Lancet Oncology. 2007;8(9):773–783
2. Sant M, Allemani C, Berrino F, Coleman MP, Aareleid T, Chaplain G, et al. Breast carcinoma survival in Europe and the United States. Cancer. 2004;100(4):715–722
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
3. Department of Health. The NHS Cancer Plan: a plan for investment, a plan for reform; 2000.
4. Department of Health . Cancer reform strategy. Gateway reference 9092. London: Department of Health; 3.12.2007;
5. Richards MA, Westcombe AM, Love SB, Littlejohns P, Ramirez AJ. Influence of delay on survival in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review. Lancet. 1999;353(9159):1119–1126
   • Abstract
   • Full Text
   • Full-Text PDF (151 KB)
   • CrossRef
6. Ramirez AJ, Westcombe AM, Burgess CC, Sutton S, Littlejohns P, Richards MA. Factors predicting delayed presentation of symptomatic breast cancer: a systematic review. Lancet. 1999;353(9159):1127–1131
   • Abstract
   • Full Text
   • Full-Text PDF (89 KB)
   • CrossRef
7. MacDonald S, Macleod U, Mitchell E, Weller D, Campbell N, Mant D. Factors influencing patient and primary care delay in the diagnosis of cancer: a database of existing research and its implications for future practice. 1217522 Department of Health, Department of Health Research Programme: Cancer Symptoms Profiles and Referral Strategies for Primary Care; 2004;
8. Grunfeld EA, Ramirez AJ, Hunter MS, Richards MA. Women's knowledge and beliefs regarding breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer. 2002;86(9):1373–1378
   • MEDLINE
   • CrossRef
9. McCaffery K, Wardle J, Waller J. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions in relation to the early detection of colorectal cancer in the United Kingdom. Preventive Medicine. 2003;36(5):525–535
10. Grunfeld EA, Hunter MS, Ramirez AJ, Richards MA. Perceptions of breast cancer across the lifespan. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2003;54(2):141–146
    • Abstract
    • Full Text
    • Full-Text PDF (100 KB)
    • CrossRef
11. Linsell L, Burgess CC, Ramirez AJ. Breast cancer awareness among older women. British Journal of Cancer. 2008;99:1221–1225
    • CrossRef
12. Austoker J, Bankhead C, Forbes LJL, Atkins L, Martin F, Robb KA, et al. Interventions to increase cancer awareness and promote early presentation: systematic review. British Journal of Cancer, in press, http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3815/version/1.
13. Burgess CC, Bish AM, Hunter HS, Salkovskis P, Michell M, Whelehan P, et al. Promoting early presentation of breast cancer: development of a psycho-educational intervention. Chronic Illness. 2008;4(1):13–27
    • CrossRef
14. Nichols S, Waters WE, Fraser JD, Wheeller MJ, Ingham SK. Delay in the presentation of breast symptoms for consultant investigation. Journal of Public Health. 1981;3(3):217–225
15. Linsell L, Forbes LJL, Burgess C, Kapari M, Omar L, Tucker L. A randomised controlled trial of an intervention to promote early presentation of breast cancer in older women: effect on breast cancer awareness. British Journal of Cancer, in press, http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3816/version/1.
16. Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Farewell V, Saul J, Duffy A, Eves R. Efficacy of a cancer research UK communication skills training model for oncologists: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9307):650–656
    • Abstract
    • Full Text
    • Full-Text PDF (94 KB)
    • CrossRef
17. Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Farewell V, Solis-Trapala I. Enduring impact of communication skills training: results of a 12-month follow-up. British Journal of Cancer. 2003;89(8):1445–1449
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
18. Mannix KA, Blackburn IM, Garland A, Gracie J, Moorey S, Reid B, et al. Effectiveness of brief training in cognitive behaviour therapy techniques for palliative care practitioners. Palliative Medicine. 2006;20(6):579–584
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
19. Moorey S, Cort E, Kapari M, Monroe B, Hansford P, Mannix K, et al. A cluster randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy for common mental disorders in patients with advanced cancer. Psychological Medicine. 2009;39(05):713–723
    • CrossRef
20. Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ, Hardeman W, Sutton S, Prevost AT, Fanshawe T, et al. Efficacy of a theory-based behavioural intervention to increase physical activity in an at-risk group in primary care (ProActive UK): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2008;371(9606):41–48[see comment]
    • Abstract
    • Full Text
    • Full-Text PDF (178 KB)
    • CrossRef
21. Williams K, Prevost AT, Griffin S, Hardeman W, Hollingworth W, Spiegelhalter D, et al. The ProActive trial protocol – a randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of a family-based, domiciliary intervention programme to increase physical activity among individuals at high risk of diabetes. BMC Public Health. 2004;4(1):48;[ISRCTN61323766]
    • MEDLINE
    • CrossRef
22. Hardeman W, Michie S. Training and quality assurance of self-management interventions. In:  Newman S,  Steed L,  Mulligan K editor. Chronic physical illness: self-management and behavioural interventions. Open University Press; 2009;
23. Davidson K, Scott J. Does therapists' competence matter in delivering psychological therapy?. Psychiatric Bulletin. 2009;33(4):121–123
24. Rollnick S, Miller WR, Butler CC. Motivational interviewing in health care: helping patients change behaviour. Guildford Publications; 2008;
25. The College of Radiographers. A strategy for the education and professional development of radiographers. Report; 2002.
26. Hardy M, Snaith B. Role extension and role advancement – is there a difference? A discussion paper. Radiography. 2006;12(4):327–331
27. Hardy M, Legg J, Smith T, Ween B, Williams I, Motto J. The concept of advanced radiographic practice: an international perspective. Radiography. 2008;14(Suppl. 1):e15–e19
28. The College of Radiographers. The approval and accreditation of education programmes and professional practice in radiography: policy and principles. Report; 2004.